Orquesta Típica Francisco Canaro(2022) Francisco Canaro(26.11.1888 - 14.12.1964) Nickname:Pirincho, El Kaiser Status:Tango entrepreneur, jack-of-all-trades Number of recordings:more then 3.700 Style:adaptable, playful traditionalist Typical:clear rhythmic foundation, clarinet and trumpet |
![]() A nice discography is offered by La Milonga di Alvin. |
Speciality:King of the milongas, kitschy valses, hits in many
decades |
Important singers- Charlo, the second Gardel (1929-1932) |
Biggest hit:Poema and many more (1935) |
Important musicians:- Minotto Di Cicco (Bandoneon) |
- From dishwasher to tango entrepreneur
- In the big wide world: Paris, New York, tours
- An all-rounder? Music, theatre, revues, films
- The Quinteto Don Pancho / Pirincho
- Tangos before and after 1940
- Frauenstimmen: Nelly Omar and Tito Morello
- Valses
From paperboy to Tango-Kaiser
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The Canaros, a large emigrant family with Italian roots, lived in Buenos Aires in extreme poverty and confinement in the milieu of the notorious conventillos.
The dwellings of the poor people were usually located in the south of the city and were usually grouped around courtyards. Here they lived, worked, cooked and celebrated. The porteños made music and danced to the music of their homeland, the styles mixed, and the first tangos were created at the end of the 19th century.
It is not surprising that the family was also afflicted by a severe outbreak of smallpox in this confinement, from which one of the sisters tragically died. Canaro stresses in his autobiography that he did not have a childhood. These hard years explain the tenacity, endurance and resilience that made Canaro an emperor. |
The Canaros had three girls. Of the total of seven brothers, besides Francisco, also Mario, Juan, Rafael and Humberto ended up as tango musicians. Francisco, like his brothers, worked hard from a young age, for example as a newspaper boy or house painter, but also in a tin can factory.
Transportable instruments such as the flute, guitar, violin, mandolin and simple forms of the bandoneon like the concertina began to be heard after 1900 in the arrabales, i.e. the suburbs, of the rapidly growing city. Canaro learned to play the guitar from an Italian shoeshine boy.
As an occasional musician, he had his first gigs in the neighbourhood, later switching to the violin, which had always fascinated him. His first tango was supposedly El Llorrón. He formed a trio and went from village to village, from ballroom to brothel. It was a tough school, as the musicians were often paid according to the number of dancers they lured onto the dance floor. Liaisons, quarrels with the local top dogs and even shootouts were part of those first wild years shortly after 1900. |
In the heart of tangoIn La Boca, the port and entertainment district in the south of the city, Canaro and his trio won their first engagement in 1908 at the prestigious Café Royal. In this neighbourhood, the predominantly Italian immigrants mixed with locals who came from the countryside and sought their fortune in the developing big city. Here we find the cultural melting pot in which the new music tango was born. In his autobiography, published in 1956, Canaro describes this time, and many things are reminiscent of the Wild West. The trio played squeezed onto a tiny balcony. Brawls and shootings were still the order of the day and night in La Boca, so that the owners of the "bars" protected the little musicians from below with sheet metal against bullets. In any case, the immigrant's son had arrived in the heart of tango and from then on had a decisive influence on the pulse of the new music. The musical heroes of the time, commonly called the Guardia Vieja, were for example Ángel Villoldo or Roberto Firpo, with whom Canaro shared the way home late at night in the Tranvía, and Vincente Greco, in whose sextet Canaro played in 1910 after his trio disbanded. Tango had gained popularity in 1910, allowing the scene to move from La Boca to the centre of the city, where it attracted the attention of music producers. When Greco and Canaro made the first recordings with their "tango" orchestra in 1910, they called themselves Orquesta Típica Criolla to distinguish themselves from other genres, from which the name for a tango orchestraderived, which is still common today: Orquesta Tipica |
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In 1914, Canaro had established himself in a way that he performed with his own combo at the famous medical ball Baile del internado in the exclusive Palais de Glace, for which he composed the classic El Internado the next year. For the 1917 and 1918 carnival seasons, he put together a 15-piece all-star orchestra with Roberto Firpo; the lack of amplification demanded large combos. The repertoire is said to have included over 200 pieces! The two top dogs of the years were Canaro and Firpo. In 1918, Canaro did succeed in standing up to his musical rival Firpo by hijacking several of his performance venues, so that by the end of 1918 four orchestras, some led by the brothers, were playing under his name in Buenos Aires, which is one of the reasons for his nickname El Kaiser. On the other hand, after Canaro started recording with the Odeon label in 1921, he had to pay a few cents to Firpo for every shellac sold, because Firpo had an exclusive Orquesta Típica contract with Odeon. After the tango had conquered Paris in 1913, the higher society in Buenos Aires also danced in close embrace. Francisco seized his chance in 1920 and for a few months was the hot orchestra among the aristocracy. In the mid-twenties, De Caro and Fresedo filled this role much better than the working-class kid Canaro. |
SeitenanfangCanaro in ParisCanaro, who cultivated many love affairs since his youth, which did not end even after his marriage to the Frenchwoman Martha Gesaume in 1925, was ultimately rooted in the machismo of the 19th century. Unlike Troilo, who shared life and love amicably with his Zita, his wife was to confine herself to her realm. In any case, both travelled to Paris in 1925 for a honeymoon and as a business trip, paving the way for the chapter Canaro en Paris. In a legendary tour, he thrilled Paris in 1925. His combo played in the best clubs in front of the city's aristocracy, and his brothers Juan, but above all Rafael Canaro, formed the European mainstay of the Canaro empire until 1939. Canaro returned to BA in February 1928. |
Canaro shapes the image of tango argentino in Europe
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SeitenanfangThe Canaro-imperiaAfter Canaro returned to Buenos Aires in 1927, he quickly dominated almost all areas of the tango entertainment industry again through hard work and extreme busyness: he promoted talent, he employed and accompanied a variety of singers, including Ada Falcón, Libertad Lamarque, sometimes even the icon Carlos Gardel and - most important voice for Canaro around 1930, Charlo. CharloCharlo, a young singer from the provinces, like Gardel, did not perform for dancers but, as an estrebillista, enhanced over 600 Canaro and 100 Lomuto recordings with his 30-second vocal. His name often did not appear to avoid further claims by the singer, just in contrast to the tango canciones recordings, where the orchestra tended to accompany the singer who sang the whole text of a tango.
Canaro's clear, restrained, adaptable style was perfectly suited to accompanying the big voices. The tango hype was now at a peak. Once or twice a week, Canaro found himself in the recording studio with his musicians. In 1927, almost 1,700 tangos were recorded on the ODEON label, which dominated the tango market at the time, 277 of which were Canaro's. While Canaro played quite subtly and sweetly until 1931, the recordings from 1932 onwards tended towards more directness and rhythm, but they were also intended for dancers, while at the same time - with Charlo or Ada Falcón - he recorded more expressive tango canciónes. Tango comedies, vaudevilles and very much moreTango suffered from the Great Depression since 1929 and the spread of radio. To keep tango popular Canaro, in collaboration with the lyricist Ivo Palay, composed tango revues and comedies from 1932 on and elaborately staged them with a large cast. With over 900 performances in some cases, they were real box office successes (e.g. La Muchachada del Centro). Perhaps one reason for the mixed and not so delicate quality of the music of this orchestra is that the musicians were not so much trimmed to deliver the perfect interpretation, but to always sound appropriate in many situations, whether accompanying singers, as a dance orchestra, as a concert orchestra on the numerous tours to Chile, Uruguay or Brazil, or as the orchestra of the tango revues. Canaro was a hard worker, his large orchestra had to play at many occasions. Starting with La Muchachada del Centro (The Gang from the Centre, 1932) with more than 900 performances until the last show Tangolandia (1957), Canaro enriched the scene with shows for decades. Many of his compositions as well as his hits were written for these shows.
La patria del tango (1936)
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Failure as a movie producerHe also wanted to conquer the cinemas with his own production company. Although the first attempt was a great success, the other projects did not go down well with the public and proved to be a flop, especially financially, so that Canaro went bankrupt in 1938.
SADAICThe businessman Canaro also stood up for the rights of artists, albeit not unselfishly. After decades of preparatory work, he succeeded in founding SADIAC in 1941, the Argentinian association to protect the rights of musicians. Fun fact: When a first precursor law was passed by Congress in 1933, many of the musicians involved threw a gigantic party at the Teatro Colón with, among others, 70 bandoneons, 80 violins and 20 singers. Euphony was probably missing ....
The innovatorAlways on the lookout for something new, Francisco enriched the musical world in the 1920s and 1930s.
With the Seria Sinfónica, together with Fresedo and De Caro, he initiated the trend towards more elaborate, somewhat daring, partly experimental, in any case arranged music. At the end of the 1920s, he enriched the tangos, which had been played instrumentally until then, with the addition of the estribillista (chorus singer), and later he was the first to use a female singer as well as a vocal duet.
In 1933, he surprised the dancers with a milonga played by a real tango orchestra, the Milonga sentimental (1933), which is still famous today, and thus founded a whole new genre.
Clarinet tones and the sound of the cornetino, a small trumpet, created the clear, bright and cheerful sound typical of Canaro; the use of the organ in the 1940s, when Mariano Mores arranged most of the pieces, is much less convincing, some of them sounding like fairground music.
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Canaro stayes behindbecause: D'Arienzo takes offIn 1937, D'Arienzo finally took off with his rhythmic, lively up-beat interpretations with a whole new energy. An example of this is the tango composition La Puñalada, which D'Arienzo's pianist Biagi transforms into a driving milonga and made it the hit of the season, while Canaro's interpretation of the same title as a tango remains pale.
and: Troilo and Laurenz become complexAt the same time, the orchestras of Troilo, Laurenz and Pugliese set out for the complexity of the Forties. Laurenz's recording of Arrabal (1937) is emblematic of this. Canaro adapts to some extent, but does not reach the subtle quality of the stars of those years. His sales are still great so. His tangos are catchy, nice, varied and thus meet the taste of many. One should not overlook the fact that family tango-pop star De Angelis was also consistently one of the most successful orchestras in the forties. Canaro's great joy in experimenting and playing can be heard very beautifully in Canaro's compositionQué es lo que tiene la Bahiania (1939), an originally Brazilian song that he adapted. Cornetino, clarinet and bandoneon sounds characterise the first, quiet bars, a cheerfully phrased beat lures the dancer into the varied arrangement of the main part, in which instrumentation and rhythm change constantly. As icing on the cake, choral interjections are poured on top. The performance is fresh and varied, but the phrasing lacks subtlety. Typical Canaro. |
Quinteto Don Pancho - Quinteto PirinchoIn 1937, Canaro created a quintet as a further musical mainstay, which was first called Don Pancho, later Pirincho. As a musician, Francisco Canaro was always close to the Guardia Vieja, i.e. the rhythmically and harmonically somewhat simpler style of playing of the 1920s.
Canaro's role model was Roberto Firpo with his traditional quartet. Firpo had founded it as an answer to D'Arienzo's great successes. The repertoire and playing style are based on the Guardia Vieja, but the Quinteto's recordings are captivating for their freshness, cheerfulness and good humour.
Especially the milongas and valses can spice up a DJ playlist with liveliness. In the end, however, these recordings are quite conventionally recorded. The quinteto, which also had Minotto di Citto at its centre, only met in the recording studio, not on stage.
Pirincho, by the way, is Canaro's nickname - that's the name of a cuckoo that lives on the Río de la Plata. At Canaro's birth, the midwife had said that the child looked like a pirincho because of a protruding tuft of hair on its head. When enthusiasm for tango continued to wane in the 1950s, Canaro stayed in business, especially with his Quinteto Pirincho.
A trip to Japan, which was extremely enthusiastic about tango, in 1961 was a final triumph. Canaro even performed in the first colour TV programme there.
SeitenanfangSchicksalsjahr 1939His mother diedIn 1939, Canaro was on tour in Chile to work off his film debts, in between rushing back to BA for a few days to bury his dearly beloved mother, only to return to the band straight away. In the same year, Canaro's emblematic velvet voice Maida went solo. With the new singers Francisco Amor and returnee Ernesto Famá, Canaro also increasingly adapted to the up-beat of the years around 1940.
Private LifeA lot can be learned about Canaro's early years, both on Todotango and above all in Lavocah's biography. News from the later years, as with many other tango greats, is more sparse, because nothing was written down during his lifetime and the tango fell into a slumber in the seventies and eighties and people had other worries during the dictatorship. Canaro, the brawny emperor, was a workhorse, a climber from labour, a true porteño who asserted himself everywhere.
Child and coneIn 1944, when Canaro was 56, a 17-year-old chorus girl contacted him and they fell in love. Irma Gay, the young woman's name, gave Canaro, who had been childless until then, two daughters, who were accepted as heirs by Canaro's wife Martha Gesaume after Canaro's death.
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SeitenanfangThe composerThe list of Canaro's compositions is long. Canaro is accused of false attributing of compositions to himself, be it older, forgotten melodies that he recycled, or compositions with his brothers in which Canaro had only been partially involved, which then later operated under Francisco Canaro's name. But this can be neglected in view of the really large number, including many big hits.
Canaro composed classical instrumentals for the genre such as La Tablada, El Pollito, Punto bravo.
The most important lyric partner was Ivo Pelay. With him, Canaro mainly wrote the successful tango shows and revues, also called sainetes, from which many hits emerged.
This collaboration resulted in La muchachada del centro, Te quiero in 1932, Yo no sé por qué te quiero in 1934, No hay que hacerse mala sangre and Tangón in 1935.
In 1939 Canaro composed the sensitive tango Por vos ... yo me rompo todo or the samba adaptation Que es lo que tiene la Bahiana.
He also composed Corazón de Oro, the love hymn Yo no sé qué me han hecho tus ojos, addressed to Ada Falcón as well as Soñar y nada más and Bajo el cielo azul or the ingenious milonga Se dice de mí, the latter all with lyrics by Ivo Pelay.
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Arrabalera, recorded in 1950 with the Quinteto Pirincho, was claimed by Canaro after the actual composer died without leaving any rights. At least we hear Canaro's voice on this recording!
Arrabalero (1950-Quinteto Pirincho)Paulina Mejía and Juan David Vargas - Berlin - 2019
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SeitenanfangCanaro for dancers - tangos
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PoemaGraciela and Osvaldo - 2017 |
InstrumentaleLa melodía de nuestro adiós (1938) reveals its European origins. The composer is Minotto Di Cicco's brother Fioravanti Di Cicco, who composed the beautiful melodies for Le melodie die notre adieu as a pianist in Rafael Canaro's band in Paris. |
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Canaro in the Golden Forties
Canaro and his pianist Mariano Mores, who was responsible for the arrangements, were only partially able to achieve the subtle fusion of singer and orchestra that was the charm of those years.
The singers Carlos Roldán and Eduardo Adrián are not among the absolute top ranks of tango interpreters, for whom - according to Lavocah - Canaro's somewhat simpler musical concept was not attractive enough.
Roldán and Adrián later made careers as soloists, but never again dropped anchor in an orchestra. Few tangos convince completely.
Examples are Mi Reflexión, Café de los angelitos, Torrente, Esta noche de luna or Va a cantar un riuseñor with singer Carlos Roldán.
or with Eduardo Adrián: Cada vez que me recuerdes, Es mejor perdonar, Necesito olvidar, Nido Gaucho, En el viejo café.
Some songs captivate with freshness, inventiveness and cheerfulness, also because of the original instrumentation with Hammond organ, muted trumpet, clarinet or even an oboe.
But it is above all the wafting of the Hammond organ that makes many a recording anoying.
The botched love tragedy Gricel
The orchestra of Aníbal Troilo expresses the whole tragedy of these verses in a subtle and moving way while Canaro arranges this heartbbreaking composition in a bouncy, almost happy way and drowns it in organ sounds. This is all the more surprising because arranger Mariano Mores composed these wonderful melody lines himself. |
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SeitenanfangValsesThe waltz king pressed around 150 valses on shellac, ranging from the leisurely to the Viennese waltz to really energetic ones. Many valses, especially the earlier ones, are actually too slow for the genre; some interpretations have a tendency to sway as at a folk festival. Slow and leisurely 1929-1934Sueño de juventud, Con tu mirar,
Siempre te amaré. Florcita criolla,
Llorando mis penas, Ronda del Querer (1934,
Galan), |
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